Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 17، number In Volume 6، September 2024 ، issue Number 100

Introduction of "Nemat Khan Aali Shirazi" and the intellectual and literary style of his sonnets based on the motif

Zainab Ghasemi , Seyed Mohammad Rastgoofar (Author in Charge), Alireza Fouladi

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nematkhan Aali Shirazi is one of the Iranian poets who lived in India in the 11th and 12th centuries. Although he has experimented in composing all kinds of poetry, he has been more skilled in composing sonnet, and he is one of the prominent examples of Indian style sonnet in terms of wording and meaning. In this essay, in addition to introducing this poet, our goal is to examine his sonnets from a stylistic point of view, and especially to show the prominent motifs of his compositions; Motif - which is one of the rhetorical terms - is a word or combination or image or theme that is repeated and highlighted in a significant way and shows a person"s mental and intellectual concerns to a great extent. Therefore, the motif is especially important in literary criticism and structural and content analyzes of a literary or artistic work.

METHODOLOGY: This research is a theoretical study that was conducted in the library research method. The scope of the study is Diwan Nemat Khan Aali Shirazi, which remains in the form of a manuscript and the authors are in the process of correcting and suspending it.

FINDINGS: Nematkhan"s poetry is full of artistic and rhetorical techniques, which are the basis of the style and structure of his poetry. One of the most prominent of these techniques is the motif, which is reflected in Nematkhan"s poetry in various forms: semantic and thematic motifs such as love, morality, randy, etc., rhetorical motifs such as simile, metaphor, paradox, etc., lexical motifs such as love, heart, night, day, flower, nightingale, deer, and...

CONCLUSION: Nematkhan has used various artistic and rhetorical methods such as simile, metaphor, hint, paradox based on his intellectual concerns and with the intention of creating art and creating themes. He has also repeated various words and combinations in the form of motifs and highlighted some of his thoughts and feelings and has given his speech a colorful variety.

Keyword
Intellectual stylistics , literary stylistics , Motif , Nematkhan Ali Shirazi , manuscript

• The Holy Quran
• Anoushe, Hassan. (2008). Encyclopedia of Persian literature. Tehran: Printing and Publishing Organization of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, p. 1678
• Azad Belgrami, Mir Gholamali(no date)Amere's treasury (unpublished), pp. 333-334
• ……………………………… (no date). free cedar (unpublished), pp. 136-138
• Banaresi, Ali Ibrahim Khan Khalil. (2005). Ibrahim's pages. Edited by Mirhashem Mohadith, Tehran: Association of Cultural Heritage and Artifacts, p. 188
• Beigi Shirazi, Seyyed Ahmad. (1987). Garden of poets Tehran: Zarrin, pp. 1158-1157
• Eftekhar, Seyyed Abdul Wahab. (no date). A unique memory. (unpublished), p. 88
• Esmaili, Murad and Hassan Pouralashti, Hossein. (2015). Further investigation of the reasons for the frequency of paradox in Indian style. Subcontinent Studies, 8th year, No. 27, pp. 7-24
• Fotouhi, Mahmoud. (2006). Image rhetoric. Tehran: Sakhan, p. 327
• …………………... (2018). Stylistics of theories, approaches and methods, Tehran: Sokhan, p. 304
• Gopamoi, Mohammad Ghodratullah. (2008). Notes on the results of thoughts. Edited by Yusufbeyg Babapour, Qom: Islamic Reserves Association, p. 528
• Hasan Pouralashti, Hossein. (2004). A new style stylistics of Indian style ghazal. Tehran: Sokhn, pp. 176-183
• Hedayat, Rezaqoli Khan. (no date). Assembly of Passover. Unpublished. P. 1076
• Kaden, John Anthony. (2001). Descriptive Dictionary of Literature and Criticism. Translated by Kazem Firouzmand. Tehran: Shadgan, p. 249
• Khoshgou, Bandar Bin Das. (2009). Khoshgou's Book of poetry. Edited by Kalim Asghar. Second Office, Tehran: Islamic Council Library and Documents Center, pp. 442-443
• Lechhami Narain Shafiq. (no date). Sham Ghariban, Persian poets' note book. Unpublished. p. 188
• Meghdadi, Bahram. (1998). Glossary of Literary Criticism Terms: From Plato to the Present Age. Tehran: Fekre Rooz, p. 281
• Mirsadeghi, Jamal and Mirsadeghi. Meymanat (1998). Dictionary of the art of story writing. Tehran: Mahnaz, p. 50
• Rahjiri, Ali. (no date). Brief history of calligraphy in Iran. Tehran: Emad, pp. 115-116
• Rastgoo, Seyyed Mohammad. (1997). The art of speaking, Rhetoric art, Kashan: Morsal, p. 310
• Salajgeh, Parvin. (2016). Analytical research on the function of familiar and unfamiliar motifs. Children's literature studies. The second year, number 2, pp. 126-146
• Shafii Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. (2009). Imagination images in Persian poetry. Second edition. Tehran: Agha, pp. 21 and 321
• ………………………………….(1992). Mirror poets (study of Indian style and Bidel's poetry). Tehran: Agha, pp. 57-54
• …………………………….(2008). Qalandriya in history. Tehran: Sokhan, p. 63
• Shamisa, Sirous. (1995). Poetry stylistics. Tehran: Ferdous, pp. 296-297
• ………………..(1991). Sonnet course in Persian poetry. Tehran: Ferdous, pp. 181 and 289
• Zarrin Koob, Abdul Hossein. (1993). Familiarity with literary criticism. Second edition, Tehran: Sokhan, p. 256